American roulette, which is played with two zeros, is derived from the original French version, played with only one zero. Casinos particularly like the American version because it is cheaper to run than French roulette and only needs one dealer to operate the game. American roulette is also more profitable as the bets come flooding in at a faster rate.
American roulette is played on a large table which is printed with a betting layout. At one end of the table a wheel encased in a wooden cylinder turns on a central spindle. The wheel is divided into 38 sections, numbered from zero to 36 inclusive, plus a section numbered double zero (00).
Consecutive numbers are arranged opposite each other on the wheel. Each number is coloured either red or black and the zeros are coloured green.
The aim of roulette is to predict the number on which a ball spun around the wooden cylinder will land. The ball is spun by hand by a dealer and must make at least three revolutions before dropping into one of the numbered sections on the wheel. The ball moves in the opposite direction to which the wheel is spun. Each new spin starts from the previous number.
Predicting the winning number is made more difficult by the dealer, who can spin the ball at differing speeds by applying more or less pressure to the ball. The rate at which the wheel spins is also constantly changed. Before spinning the ball, the dealer may speed up or slow down the wheel. Diamond-shaped bars arranged around the lower part of the wooden casing help deflect the ball as it drops into the wheel. Dealers are also changed at regular intervals, as individual dealers each have their own pace and rhythm.
Roulette chips can only be used on the table to which they correspond. Their value is automatically the minimum bet on that table. If players want the chips to have a higher value they simply inform the dealer, who will position markers to denote the chips‘ new value, which may be up to the table maximum.
Although roulette players may bet with cash chips, it is advisable to play with table chips (also called `colour’) to avoid disputes. If a player does start betting with cash chips the dealer will call out `reds on’ or `blacks on’, for example, depending on the value of the chips. This warns other players not to bet with the same colour cash chips.
The dealer controls the running of the game by giving a number of verbal instructions which indicate each stage of the game. To ensure that their bets are correctly placed, players should listen to the dealer. If a player accidentally knocks another player’s chip out of position, the dealer will straighten up the bet and announce that a chip has been moved by calling out the colour and the position where it has been placed. One player may not touch another player’s chips.
Every casino has its loyal band of system hunters - players who sit for hours at the roulette tables noting the winning numbers spun and analyzing the results in the hope of finding a winning formula. Casinos even supply paper and pencils for this purpose, confident in the knowledge that all the variables make this task virtually impossible.
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